A new nationally representative study has confirmed that from 2001 to 2009 the incidence of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes has drastically increased in children and adolescents.
Type 1 diabetes increased 21 percent in children up to the age of 19 and the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes increased 30 percent in children between the ages of 10 and 19.
Dr. Robin S. Goland, co-director of the Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center at Columbia University Medical Center in New York says that those are big numbers. "In my career, Type 1 diabetes was a rare disease in children, and Type 2 disease didn't exist."
The article was published in JAMA in May and includes data from more than 3 million people younger than 20 from five states: California, Colorado, Ohio, South Carolina, and Washington. Funding came from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institutes of Health and is part of a continuing study, Search for Diabetes in Youth.
Historically, children affected by Type 1 diabetes were white, but the new report says that the prevalence has also increased in black and Latino youth.
Many minority youth are less likely to control their high blood sugar and will have more complications like eye disease, kidney disease, heart disease, and amputations, said Dr. Dana Dabela, the lead author of the study and a professor of epidemiology and pediatrics at the Colorado School of Public Health.
Traditionally, Type 2 diabetes has affected adults, but the new study reported increases among black, white, and Latino children.
Reference: Dispatch
If you are a diabetic and do not currently see a podiatrist, call our Glastonbury or Middletown office to make an appointment.
Ayman M. Latif, DPM
Connecticut Foot Care Centers
Diabetic Foot Doctor in CT
Podiatrist in Glastonbury and Middletown, CT
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Showing posts with label diabetes in children. Show all posts
Showing posts with label diabetes in children. Show all posts
Monday, July 7, 2014
Monday, July 29, 2013
Poor Air Quality Raises Diabetes Risk In Children
Bad news for those who live in areas with air pollution: exposure to air pollution raises the risk of resistance to insulin in children, according to a new study in Diabetolgia, the journal of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes.
A study of about 400 10 year old German children found that insulin resistance increased 17 percent for every 10.6 micrograms per cubic meter increase in ambient nitrogen dioxide and by 19 percent for every 6 micrograms per cubic meter increase in particular matter.
Previous research indicated a link between traffic-related air pollution and the development of diabetes in adults. These studies show that exposure to fine pollution particles that get into the respiratory system, heart, and vessels increases inflammation, which can be linked to insulin resistance, says study author Joachim Heinrich, of the German Research Center for Environmental Health.
"Given the ubiquitous nature of air pollution and the high incidence of insulin resistance in the general population, the associations examined here may have potentially important public health effects," said Heinrich in the paper.
Blood samples were collected from 397 children who were included in two German birth cohort studies. Exposure to air pollutants at their addresses was estimated by analyzing emissions from road traffic, population density, and land use. Measurements of blood insulin levels and air pollutants were taken at various times so the findings "should be regarded with caution," says Jon Ayres, a professor of environmental and respiratory medicine at the University of Birmingham in England. Ayres said in the statement that a larger study should be done to confirm the link.
Study participants will be tested again at age 15 to see how the findings evolve during and after puberty and the effect of moving to a different location.
Reference: Business Week.
If you are a diabetic and do not currently see a podiatrist, call our Glastonbury or Middletown office to make an appointment.
Ayman M. Latif, DPM
Connecticut Foot Care Centers
Diabetic Foot Doctor in CT
Podiatrist in Glastonbury and Middletown, CT
Visit our website, like our page on Facebook, and follow my tweets on Twitter.
A study of about 400 10 year old German children found that insulin resistance increased 17 percent for every 10.6 micrograms per cubic meter increase in ambient nitrogen dioxide and by 19 percent for every 6 micrograms per cubic meter increase in particular matter.
Previous research indicated a link between traffic-related air pollution and the development of diabetes in adults. These studies show that exposure to fine pollution particles that get into the respiratory system, heart, and vessels increases inflammation, which can be linked to insulin resistance, says study author Joachim Heinrich, of the German Research Center for Environmental Health.
"Given the ubiquitous nature of air pollution and the high incidence of insulin resistance in the general population, the associations examined here may have potentially important public health effects," said Heinrich in the paper.
Blood samples were collected from 397 children who were included in two German birth cohort studies. Exposure to air pollutants at their addresses was estimated by analyzing emissions from road traffic, population density, and land use. Measurements of blood insulin levels and air pollutants were taken at various times so the findings "should be regarded with caution," says Jon Ayres, a professor of environmental and respiratory medicine at the University of Birmingham in England. Ayres said in the statement that a larger study should be done to confirm the link.
Study participants will be tested again at age 15 to see how the findings evolve during and after puberty and the effect of moving to a different location.
Reference: Business Week.
If you are a diabetic and do not currently see a podiatrist, call our Glastonbury or Middletown office to make an appointment.
Ayman M. Latif, DPM
Connecticut Foot Care Centers
Diabetic Foot Doctor in CT
Podiatrist in Glastonbury and Middletown, CT
Visit our website, like our page on Facebook, and follow my tweets on Twitter.
Monday, April 22, 2013
New Guidelines For Children With Diabetes
Childhood obesity is on the rise and pediatricians are looking for any way to help it from reaching an epidemic. Pediatricians released in January new guidelines for managing weight-related diabetes amongst children.
Children have been diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes for a long time now, but pediatricians are seeing an increase in the number of children diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. Almost a third of all diabetes cases in children are now Type 2 cases, which generally happens later in life, around the age of 40. "We're seeing it much more than we did before," says Dr. Janet Silverstein, co-author of the new American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines on diabetes and professor of pediatrics at the University of Florida. "Many pediatricians were never trained in managing Type 2 diabetes because it isn't a disease we used to see. It was a disease of adulthood. But as we're seeing more obesity in kids, we're seeing adult diseases in childhood."
The Academy decided that since they were seeing more patients with this disease they needed to have clear, consistent advice on how to treat them. These guidelines are the first of their kind for children ages 10 to 18 and were developed in conjunction with the American Diabetes Association, the Pediatric Endocrine Society, the American Academy of Family Physicians, and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. The group's first recommendation is to screen all obese children for diabetes, then figure out what type they have.
The importance between diagnosing Type 1 and Type 2 will be the treatment plan, especially when it comes to insulin. Many children who have Type 2 diabetes do not need insulin and will instead be treated with medication that increases their sensitivity to it. Doctor will also highly recommend lots of exercises, as much as an hour a day. Screen time, both computers, television, and other devices, should be limited as well, unless it is related to schoolwork. If doctors aren't initially sure what type of diabetes their patient has, they should start all children off with insulin, as those with Type 1 will always need it.
Dr. Rubina Heptulla, chief of the division of pediatric endocrinology and diabetes at Children's Hospital at Montefiore in the Bronx, sees up to three children a week who are newly diagnosed with diabetes. About half have Type 2 diabetes and she says this is a pediatric epidemic. "I did not see this as a resident or fellow. We would not have had these guidelines 10 years ago because there were not many cases. Now these guidelines are very relevant," says Dr. Heptulla, who was not involved with creating the new guidelines.
In the guidelines pediatricians recommend parents take a large role in combating their child's disease, by regulating diet and exercise, as these simple measures can sometimes reverse the condition. "The way to make a difference is before they develop diabetes," says Dr. Heptulla.
If you are a diabetic and do not currently see a podiatrist, call our Bristol office to make an appointment.
Richard E. Ehle, DPM
Connecticut Foot Care Centers
Diabetic Foot Care in CT
Podiatrist in Bristol, CT
Visit our website, like our page on Facebook, and follow my tweets on Twitter.
Children have been diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes for a long time now, but pediatricians are seeing an increase in the number of children diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. Almost a third of all diabetes cases in children are now Type 2 cases, which generally happens later in life, around the age of 40. "We're seeing it much more than we did before," says Dr. Janet Silverstein, co-author of the new American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines on diabetes and professor of pediatrics at the University of Florida. "Many pediatricians were never trained in managing Type 2 diabetes because it isn't a disease we used to see. It was a disease of adulthood. But as we're seeing more obesity in kids, we're seeing adult diseases in childhood."
The Academy decided that since they were seeing more patients with this disease they needed to have clear, consistent advice on how to treat them. These guidelines are the first of their kind for children ages 10 to 18 and were developed in conjunction with the American Diabetes Association, the Pediatric Endocrine Society, the American Academy of Family Physicians, and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. The group's first recommendation is to screen all obese children for diabetes, then figure out what type they have.
The importance between diagnosing Type 1 and Type 2 will be the treatment plan, especially when it comes to insulin. Many children who have Type 2 diabetes do not need insulin and will instead be treated with medication that increases their sensitivity to it. Doctor will also highly recommend lots of exercises, as much as an hour a day. Screen time, both computers, television, and other devices, should be limited as well, unless it is related to schoolwork. If doctors aren't initially sure what type of diabetes their patient has, they should start all children off with insulin, as those with Type 1 will always need it.
Dr. Rubina Heptulla, chief of the division of pediatric endocrinology and diabetes at Children's Hospital at Montefiore in the Bronx, sees up to three children a week who are newly diagnosed with diabetes. About half have Type 2 diabetes and she says this is a pediatric epidemic. "I did not see this as a resident or fellow. We would not have had these guidelines 10 years ago because there were not many cases. Now these guidelines are very relevant," says Dr. Heptulla, who was not involved with creating the new guidelines.
In the guidelines pediatricians recommend parents take a large role in combating their child's disease, by regulating diet and exercise, as these simple measures can sometimes reverse the condition. "The way to make a difference is before they develop diabetes," says Dr. Heptulla.
If you are a diabetic and do not currently see a podiatrist, call our Bristol office to make an appointment.
Richard E. Ehle, DPM
Connecticut Foot Care Centers
Diabetic Foot Care in CT
Podiatrist in Bristol, CT
Visit our website, like our page on Facebook, and follow my tweets on Twitter.
Sunday, May 20, 2012
Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Teens
From Time.Com, published 4/30/2012
Type 2 diabetes, the kind linked with obesity, progresses much faster and is harder to treat in children than . adults, according to the disappointing results of a new study that sought to determine the best treatment for the disease in obese teens.
The study, the largest to examine Type 2 diabetes treatment in youth, looked at the effectiveness of several methods to manage blood sugar levels in newly diagnosed teens aged 10 to 17. The research found that nearly half of all participants failed to maintain stable blood sugar levels over the four-year study, and 1 in 5 suffered serious complications as a result.
The findings are troubling for teens' health since obesity and diabetes rates are increasing nationwide. Uncontrolled diabetes can increase the risk for serious health problems, including heart disease, vision loss, nerve problems, amputations, and kidney failure.
Type 2 diabetes- once referred to as adult-onset diabetes- was rarely seen among children before the 1990s. But as American children and teens started getting fatter, related cases of diabetes began to rise. Today, Type 2 diabetes is still uncommon in children (Type 1, or juvenile, diabetes affects more youths), but the disease continues to increase at an alarming rate: between 2002 and 2005, there were about 3,600 new cases of Type 2 diabetes in children and teens a year.
For the new study, released by the New England Journal of Medicine, researchers followed 699 overweight and obese teens who had recently been diagnosed with diabetes. Most of the participants were from low-income families; 40% were Hispanic, 33% black, 20% white, 6% American Indian, and fewer than 2% were Asian.
All of the participants were started off on metformin, the standard oral medication for Type 2 diabetes, to normalize their blood sugar levels. They were then divided into three treatment groups to maintain blood sugar control. One group continued to use metformin alone; another used metformin along with an intensive diet, exercise, and weight-loss program; the third used metformin plus another drug, Avandia.
Failure rates were high for all three treatment groups. About half the teens in the metaformin group failed to keep their blood sugar down, 39% failed in the group using metformin plus Avandia, and 47% failed in the diet and exercise group.
"It's frightening how severe this metabolic disease is in children," study author Dr. David M. Nathan, director of the diabetes center at Massachusetts General Hospital told the New York Times. "I fear that these children are going to become sick earlier in their lives than we've ever seen before."
The authors could only speculate why diabetes is so hard to treat in children and teens, but it could be due to rapid growth and hormone changes during puberty.
So what can be done? Obviously, the best treatment is prevention: "Don't get diabetes in the first place," researcher Dr. Phil Zeitler of the University of Colorado Denver told the Associated Press.
However, it will take a concerted national effort to help keep children from the increasing risk. In an editorial accompanying the study, Dr. David Allen of the department of pediatrics at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, in Madison, wrote:
Fifty years ago children did not avoid obesity by making healthy choices; they simply lived in an environment that provided fewer calories and included more physical activity for all. Until a healthier "eat less, move more" environment is created for today's children, lifestyle interventions like that in the... study will fail. The stark message from... study is that, tomorrow and beyond, public-policy approaches- sufficient economic incentives to produce and purchase healthy foods and to build safe environments that require physical movement- and not simply the prescription of more and better pills will be necessary to stem the epidemic of type 2 diabetes and its associated morbidity.
In terms of immediate treatment, when the usual drugs fail, daily insulin shots may be needed. The researchers note that adding Avandia to metformin is not recommended for children or teens because the drug has been linked to an increased risk of heart attack and stroke in adults, and the U.S. Drug and Food Administration has severely restricted its use. Other oral medications for diabetes haven't been studied or approved for use in children.
"A single pill or single approach is not going to get the job done," study author Mitchell Geffner of the Children's Hospital Los Angeles told the AP.
If your child or teen suffers from Type 2 diabetes, call to make an appointment.
Richard E. Ehle, DPM
Connecticut Foot Care Centers
Diabetic Foot Doctor in CT
Podiatrist in Bristol, CT
Visit our website, friend and like our page on Facebook, and follow our tweets on Twitter.
Type 2 diabetes, the kind linked with obesity, progresses much faster and is harder to treat in children than . adults, according to the disappointing results of a new study that sought to determine the best treatment for the disease in obese teens.
The study, the largest to examine Type 2 diabetes treatment in youth, looked at the effectiveness of several methods to manage blood sugar levels in newly diagnosed teens aged 10 to 17. The research found that nearly half of all participants failed to maintain stable blood sugar levels over the four-year study, and 1 in 5 suffered serious complications as a result.
The findings are troubling for teens' health since obesity and diabetes rates are increasing nationwide. Uncontrolled diabetes can increase the risk for serious health problems, including heart disease, vision loss, nerve problems, amputations, and kidney failure.
For the new study, released by the New England Journal of Medicine, researchers followed 699 overweight and obese teens who had recently been diagnosed with diabetes. Most of the participants were from low-income families; 40% were Hispanic, 33% black, 20% white, 6% American Indian, and fewer than 2% were Asian.
All of the participants were started off on metformin, the standard oral medication for Type 2 diabetes, to normalize their blood sugar levels. They were then divided into three treatment groups to maintain blood sugar control. One group continued to use metformin alone; another used metformin along with an intensive diet, exercise, and weight-loss program; the third used metformin plus another drug, Avandia.
Failure rates were high for all three treatment groups. About half the teens in the metaformin group failed to keep their blood sugar down, 39% failed in the group using metformin plus Avandia, and 47% failed in the diet and exercise group.
"It's frightening how severe this metabolic disease is in children," study author Dr. David M. Nathan, director of the diabetes center at Massachusetts General Hospital told the New York Times. "I fear that these children are going to become sick earlier in their lives than we've ever seen before."
The authors could only speculate why diabetes is so hard to treat in children and teens, but it could be due to rapid growth and hormone changes during puberty.
So what can be done? Obviously, the best treatment is prevention: "Don't get diabetes in the first place," researcher Dr. Phil Zeitler of the University of Colorado Denver told the Associated Press.
However, it will take a concerted national effort to help keep children from the increasing risk. In an editorial accompanying the study, Dr. David Allen of the department of pediatrics at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, in Madison, wrote:
Fifty years ago children did not avoid obesity by making healthy choices; they simply lived in an environment that provided fewer calories and included more physical activity for all. Until a healthier "eat less, move more" environment is created for today's children, lifestyle interventions like that in the... study will fail. The stark message from... study is that, tomorrow and beyond, public-policy approaches- sufficient economic incentives to produce and purchase healthy foods and to build safe environments that require physical movement- and not simply the prescription of more and better pills will be necessary to stem the epidemic of type 2 diabetes and its associated morbidity.
In terms of immediate treatment, when the usual drugs fail, daily insulin shots may be needed. The researchers note that adding Avandia to metformin is not recommended for children or teens because the drug has been linked to an increased risk of heart attack and stroke in adults, and the U.S. Drug and Food Administration has severely restricted its use. Other oral medications for diabetes haven't been studied or approved for use in children.
"A single pill or single approach is not going to get the job done," study author Mitchell Geffner of the Children's Hospital Los Angeles told the AP.
If your child or teen suffers from Type 2 diabetes, call to make an appointment.
Richard E. Ehle, DPM
Connecticut Foot Care Centers
Diabetic Foot Doctor in CT
Podiatrist in Bristol, CT
Visit our website, friend and like our page on Facebook, and follow our tweets on Twitter.
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